Dr. Ou received a Ph.D. in computer science from LMU Munich on April 3rd, 2023. His research explores intelligent human-in-the-loop systems, focusing on design tradeoffs and machine learning algorithms that support user decision-making (310+ citations, h-index 9). His work spans human-AI interaction, physiologically-adaptive systems in VR/AR, and computational approaches to understanding user behavior and preferences. He bridges theory and practice, applying robust engineering to deliver systems with real-world impact. Currently, he is a Staff Engineer at Sixt SE, leading AI transformation initiatives across enterprise AI platforms.

He is enthusiastic about the open-source movement and active in the Go community. For more open-source work, see GitHub profile.

Publications

• 🇬🇧 Dennis Dietz, Fabian Berger, Changkun Ou, Francesco Chiossi, Giancarlo Graeber, Andreas Butz, and Matthias Hoppe. 2025. VReflect: Evaluating the Impact of Perspectives, Mirrors and Avatars in Virtual Reality Movement Training. In 31st ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST '25). ACM, New York, NY, USA. doi:10.1145/3756884.3766021.
• 🇬🇧 Oliver Hein, Sebastian Wackerl, Changkun Ou, Florian Alt, and Francesco Chiossi. 2025. At the Speed of the Heart: Evaluating Physiologically-Adaptive Visualizations for Supporting Engagement in Biking Exergaming in Virtual Reality. In Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Human-Computer Interaction and Sport (HCIS '25). ACM, New York, NY, USA. doi:10.1145/3749385.3749398.
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Changkun Ou, Felix Putze, and Sven Mayer. 2024. Detecting Internal and External Attention in Virtual Reality: A Comparative Analysis of EEG Classification Methods. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (MUM '24). ACM, New York, NY, USA. doi:10.1145/3701571.3701579.
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Yassmine El Khaoudi, Changkun Ou, Ludwig Sidenmark, Abdelrahman Zaky, Tiare Feuchtner, and Sven Mayer. 2024. Evaluating Typing Performance in Different Mixed Reality Manifestations Using Physiological Features. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8 (ISS), 377-406. doi:10.1145/3698142.
• 🇬🇧 Dennis Dietz, Fabian Berger, Changkun Ou, Francesco Chiossi, Giancarlo Graeber, Andreas Martin Butz, and Matthias Hoppe. 2024. VReflect: Designing VR-Based Movement Training with Perspectives, Mirrors and Avatars. In 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST '24). ACM, New York, NY, USA. doi:10.1145/3641825.3687724.
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, U Gruenefeld, Baoshen James Hou, Joshua Newn, Changkun Ou, Rulu Liao, Robin Welsch, Sven Mayer. 2024. Understanding the Impact of the Reality-Virtuality Continuum on Visual Search Using Fixation-Related Potentials and Eye Tracking Features. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8 (MHCI), 1-33. doi:10.1145/3676528. . .
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Ines Trautmannsheimer, Changkun Ou, Uwe Gruenefeld, Sven Mayer. 2024. Searching across Realities: Investigating ERPs and Eye-Tracking Correlates of Visual Search in Mixed Reality. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG). doi:10.1109/TVCG.2024.3456172. . .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Sven Mayer, Daniel Buschek, Andreas Butz. 2024. Rethinking Opinion Measurement Interfaces for Human-in-the-Loop Optimization. In ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 28 pages. SUBMITTED.
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Changkun Ou, Carolina Gerhardt, Felix Putze, Sven Mayer. 2024. Designing and Evaluating an Adaptive Virtual Reality System using EEG Frequencies to Balance Internal and External Attention States. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies. SUBMITTED. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2311.10447. . .
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Changkun Ou, and Sven Mayer. 2024. Optimizing Visual Complexity for Physiologically-Adaptive VR Systems: Evaluating a Multimodal Dataset Using EDA, ECG and EEG Features. In Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI '24). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 🏆 Best Paper Award. doi:10.1145/3656650.3656657. .
• 🇬🇧 Rasha M. Amin, Fang Chen, Linus Hirsch, Changkun Ou, Tram V. La, Andreas Butz. 2024. Integrating Crowd and Machine Learning in an Intelligent Interface: A Case Study of Oil Spill Detection in Satellite Images. In Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI '24). ACM, New York, NY, USA. doi:10.1145/3656650.3656686. .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou, Sven Mayer, Andreas Butz. 2023. The Impact of Expertise in the Loop for Exploring Machine Rationality. In 28th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI '23), March 27-31, 2023, Sydney, NSW, Australia. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 15 pages. doi:10.1145/3581641.3584040. .
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Changkun Ou, Sven Mayer. 2023. Exploring Physiological Correlates of Visual Complexity Adaptation: Insights from EDA, ECG, and EEG Data for Adaptation Evaluation in VR Adaptive Systems. In Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '23). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 9 pages. doi:10.1145/3544549.3585624. .
• 🇬🇧 Francesco Chiossi, Luke Haliburton, Changkun Ou, Andreas Butz, Albrecht Schmidt. 2023. Short-Form Videos Degrade Our Capacity to Retain Intentions: Effect of Context Switching On Prospective Memory. In the 2023 ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (CHI'23). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 14 pages. doi:10.1145/3544548.3580778. .
• 🇬🇧 Dennis Dietz, Carl Oechsner, Changkun Ou, Francesco Chiossi, Fabio Sarto, Sven Mayer, Andreas Butz. 2022. Walk This Beam: Impact of Different Balance Assistance Strategies and Height Exposure on Performance and Physiological Arousal in VR. In 28th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST '22). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 32, 12 pages. 🏆 Best Paper Award. doi:10.1145/3562939.3567818. .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou, Daniel Buschek, Sven Mayer, Andreas Butz. 2022. The Human in the Infinite Loop: A Case Study on Revealing and Explaining Human-AI Interaction Loop Failures. In Mensch und Computer 2022 (MuC'22). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 11 pages. 🏆 Honorable Mention Award. doi:10.1145/3543758.3543761. .
• 🇬🇧 Yang Li, Eszter Harmat, Mona Mayer, Changkun Ou. 2022. Examining Actual Effects of a Tangible Tool on Children's Collaboration. In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct). IEEE. doi:10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct57072.2022.00121.
• 🇬🇧 Julius Girbig, Changkun Ou, and Sylvia Rothe. 2022. Generative 3D Animation Pipelines: Automating Facial Retargeting Workflows. In Workshop on "AI-Generated Characters: Putting Deepfakes to Good Use" of CHI '22: ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New Orleans, LA, USA, 4 pages. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2204.12553.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2022. (Generic) Functional Options Pattern. In the golang.design Initiative Research. 9 pages.
• 🇨🇳 Quancheng Rao, Changkun Ou. 2022. The Handbook of Go Programmer Interview. China Machine Press. ISBN: 9787111702429.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou, Daniel Buschek, Malin Eiband, Andreas Butz. 2021. Modeling Web Browsing Behavior across Tabs and Websites with Tracking and Prediction on the Client Side. arXiv preprint. 10 pages. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2103.04694. .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2021. The Ultimate Channel Abstraction. In the golang.design Initiative Research. 14 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2021. A Concurrent-safe Centralized Pointer Managing Facility. In the golang.design Initiative Research. 14 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2021. Scheduling Function Calls with Zero Allocation. In the golang.design Initiative Research. 16 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2020. Pointers Might Not be Ideal as Arguments. In the golang.design Initiative Research. 10 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2020. Eliminating A Source of Measurement Errors in Benchmarks. In the golang.design Initiative Research. 10 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Kai Holländer, Luca Schellenberg, Changkun Ou, and Andreas Butz. 2020. All Fun and Games: Obtaining Critical Pedestrian Behavior Data from an Online Simulation. In Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '20). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 9 pages. doi:10.1145/3334480.3382797.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou, Yifei Zhan, Yaxi Chen. 2019. Identifying Malicious Players in GWAP-based Disaster Monitoring Crowdsourcing System. In the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data (ICAIBD). IEEE. New York, NY, USA, 10 pages. 🏆 Best Paper Award. doi:10.1109/ICAIBD.2019.8836972.
• 🇨🇳 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2021. Modern C++ Tutorial: C++11/14/17/20 On the Fly. In GitHub. 89 pages. Website.
• 🇬🇧 Jingyi Li, Changkun Ou, Yong Ma. 2019. Cultivation and Incentivization of HCI Research and Community in China: Taxonomy and Social Endorsements. In Workshop on “HCI in China: Research Agenda, Education Curriculum, Industry Partnership, and Communities Building” of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '19). Glasgow, UK, 7 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2018. An Introduction to Recent Mobile Affective Inference Techniques: Methods, Applications and Challenges. In Advanced Seminar Media Computer Science, LMU Munich. 9 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Matthias Geiger, Changkun Ou, Cedric Quintes. 2017. WatchOut: A Road Safety Extension for Pedestrians on a Public Windshield Display. doi:10.48550/arXiv.1905.05390. 5 pages.
• 🇨🇳 Yaxi Chen, Changkun Ou. 2016. Combining Touch Biometrics and Motion Sensors for Hand Posture Recognition and User Authentication System. In Journal of Southwest University for Nationalities (Nature Science Edition). 7 pages.
• 🇨🇳 Yaxi Chen, Changkun Ou, Zhaoyang Guo. 2014. Space interactions based on monocular vision and simple gestures. In Journal of Southwest University for Nationalities (Natural Science Edition). 6 pages.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou, Mu Huang, Mengxin Shi, Jiang Cheng. 2014. A Study in Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule. In the Mathematical Contest in Modeling (MCM). 35 pages. 🏆 Meritorious Winner.

Theses

• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2024. The Intelligence in the Loop: Empirical Explorations and Reflections. Institute of Computer Science. LMU Munich. 151 pages. Ph.D. Thesis. doi:10.5282/edoc.32969. . .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2019. Understanding and Predicting Web Browsing Behavior. In the Institute of Computer Science. LMU Munich. 70 pages. Master Thesis.
• 🇬🇧 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. 2016. Designing Alternative Contact-free Control Modalities for Smart Watches. In the Institute of Computer Science. Southwest University of Nationalities. 47 pages. Bachelor Thesis. 🏆 Excellent Bachelor Thesis.

Presentations

• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Nov 30, 2023. A Glimpse to Profile-guided Optimization in Go: Early practices of bringing PGO to production. SIXT Portugal Golang Meetup.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Jun 10, 2023. Go on GPU. GopherChina 2023.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Apr 3, 2023. The Intelligence In the Loop: Empirical Explorations and Reflections. PhD Defense. . .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Mar 29, 2023. The Impact of Expertise In the Loop for Exploring Machine Rationality. IUI 2023.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Sep 6, 2022. The Human in the Infinite Loop: A Case Study on Revealing and Explaining Human-AI Interaction Loop Failures. MuC 2022.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. April 04, 2022. The Decision Maker's Dilemma: or how I stopped struggling with possible choices. IDC 2022 Spring.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Mar 30, 2022. Go 1.18 中的泛型. TalkGo Meetup. . .
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Mar 21, 2022. 什么是理性的社区讨论?. TalkGo Meetup.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Oct 15, 2021. Can we compute free will? IDC 2021 Autumn.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Mar 15, 2021. Delicate Dance: Preferences in Interactive Meshing. IDC 2021 Spring.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Oct 7, 2020. A Future of Polygon Reduction. IDC 2020 Autumn.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Mar 26, 2020 对 Go 程序进行可靠的性能测试. TalkGo Meetup. .
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Mar 18, 2020. Go 2 Generics? A (P)review. TalkGo Meetup. . .
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Jan 2, 2020. time.Timer 源码分析. TalkGo Meetup. .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Dec 19, 2019. Online Multimedia: Technological Outlook. Lecture Online Multimedia.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Nov 10, 2019. Understanding Communicating Sequential Processes. TalkGo Meetup. . .
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Oct 9, 2019. Simplicity is Complicated: On the Balance of Performance and Knobs. IDC 2019 Autumn.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Sep 12, 2019. Real-world Go Concurrency Bugs. TalkGo Meetup. . .
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Aug 22, 2019. channel/select 源码分析. TalkGo Meetup. . .
• 🇩🇪 Changkun Ou. Jul 8, 2019. Buchungstermin schneller im Kreisverwaltungsreferat. German Learning Class.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. May 27, 2019. 给研究生的学术建议. 西南民族大学内部分享.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. May 26, 2019. Identifying Malicious Players in GWAP-based Disaster Monitoring Crowdsourcing System. ICAIBD 2019.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Apr 3, 2019. A Glimpse to the Advances of Mesh Representation Learning. IDC 2019 Spring.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Jan 8, 2019. Understanding and Predicting Web Clickstreams. Masters' Defense
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. May 24, 2018. On the Development of Qualified UX Metric. Design Workshop II.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Mar 13, 2018. Capsule Network with Routing Mechanism: Part 2 Matrix Capsules. LMU Machine Learning Meetup.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Feb 26, 2018. Mobile Affective Inference: Methods, Applications and Challenges. LMU Media Informatics Seminar.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Feb 10, 2017. Understanding Generalization in Deep Learning. LMU Deep Learning Seminar.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. Dec 17, 2017. Capsule Network with Routing Mechanism: Part 1 Dynamic Routing. LMU Machine Learning Meetup.
• 🇬🇧 Hermann Redich, Patrick Börzel, Isabella Galter, Collin Leiber, and Changkun Ou. Dec 07, 2017. Convolutional Neural Network: from Zero to Hero. LMU Informatics Deep Learning Seminar.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. Sep 12, 2017. 我在德国学习人机交互的一年. 西南民族大学内部分享.
• 🇨🇳 Changkun Ou. May 17, 2016. 智能手表的非接触备择交互模式的设计. 本科毕业答辩.

Teaching

• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2020, 2021, 2022. Computer Graphics Tutorial. Assistant. LMU Munich.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2020, 2021. Practical Geometry Processing. Instructor. LMU Munich.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2022. Lecture Information Visualization. Assistant. LMU Munich.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2020. Seminar Advances in Computer Graphics. Assistant. LMU Munich.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2019. Seminar Advanced Media Informatics. Assistant. LMU Munich.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2018. Lecture Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Tutor. LMU Munich.
• 🇬🇧 Changkun Ou. 2018. Lecture Machine Learning. Tutor. LMU Munich.

Awards

• 2023: Gary Marsden Travel Award, ACM
• 2022: Best Paper Award, VRST 2022
• 2022: Honorable Mention Award, MuC 2022
• 2020: Papers with Special Recognitions for Outstanding Reviews, CHI2020
• 2019: Best Paper Award, ICAIBD2019
• 2016: Excellent Bachelor Thesis
• 2014: MCM Meritorious Winner

Scientific Activities

Associate Chair

• CHI (2026) Understanding People — Mixed and Alternative Methods Subcommittee
• CHI (2025) Computational Interaction Subcommittee
• CHI (2024) Computational Interaction Subcommittee
• INTERACT 2025 in Subcommittee "Human-Centred Intelligent Interactive Systems"

Reviewer

• CHI (2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025)
• INTERACT (2021)
• ICMI (2022, 2023)
• IMWUT (2022)
• MobileHCI (2023)

Student Volunteer

• CHI (2020)
• Smart Graphics (2015)

Attending

• AMP Winter School 2022 on Philosophy of Science (Oberstdorf, Germany) Website
• AMP Winter School 2020 on How Artificial Intelligence Impacts User-Centered Innovation Processes (Oberstdorf, Germany) Website
• CIX Summer School 2019 on Computational Interaction (New York, USA) Website

This page has visitors and had been viewed for times.